“Typically, radiative forcing is quantified at the tropopause …“, meaning there is no rigorous definition of where such “quantification” would occur.
Later the article gets into discussion of the “Greenhouse Effect” and “Greenhouse Gases”.
Then it gets into the IPCC: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) AR4 report defines radiative forcings as:[3] "Radiative forcing is a measure of the influence a factor has in altering the balance of incoming and outgoing energy in the Earth-atmosphere system and is an index of the importance of the factor as a potential climate change mechanism.
In this report radiative forcing values are for changes relative to preindustrial conditions defined at 1750 and are expressed in Watts per square meter (W/m2)."
So AR4 defines it as plural and shows a graph of 10 components of “radiative forcings”. Is there a rigorous specification of what the valid components are. Is the list complete? Probably no.
Radiative forcing is singular, but then not, internally inconsistent.
We should revisit occasionally what the proper role of government is. As the constitution was a good sense of direction, we need a core set of principles to add in order to deal with the future.
So many want to engineer society, remove risk, assist certain groups, rather than let individuals thrive and raise communities. Why?
Is Democracy where we all "get it good and hard" or is it the best means to a free society?
Should we roll with the special interests, or make the government achieve its proper role, what is that role, and how to do this?
When do deficits and governments become too large?
Government is becoming more elitist while trying to sell corrections to problems it created, what makes this possible?
This could also be inserted into the field above, or erased
Currently as a society, we are having a most difficult time discussing political issues. What is driving this? And why a rebirth in political culture would be a good thing.
Are "markets" dead as some would conjecture? Or is free enterprise what got us here?
At the heart of economics there are several possible economic schools of thought, the essence of these schools of thought and how they relate to our lives.